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发表于 2008-9-11 23:07:58| 字数 8,772| - 中国–广东–佛山 广东睿江科技有限公司
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饲料中非法添加化工原料三聚氰胺，冒充蛋白质，以提高饲料中蛋白质检测数值
据美国纽约时报（http：//www.nytimes.com/）4月30日文章“Filler in Animal Feed Is Open Secret in China”报道，中国国内一些猪、家禽和鱼用饲料生产厂家，往饲料中添加三聚氰胺粉末成了常规！
通常三聚氰胺只作为生产塑料树脂的原料，其分子中含有大量氮元素。用普通的全氮测定法测饲料和食品中的蛋白质数值时，根本不会区分这种伪蛋白氮。
据该报采访的一些饲料加工厂，工人承认几年来一直往饲料中偷偷添加这种化工原料。这样可以冒充成高蛋白饲料,还能大幅度降低成本.。
最近美国发生了许多猫狗宠物非正常死亡事件。美国FDA经过调查确认是宠物食品的原料受三聚氰胺污染，原料来自中国。按常规三聚氰胺不可能通过环境污染的方式进入食品原料中。现在中国国家质量技术监监督局已承认部分出口植物蛋白料被三聚氰胺污染。
当美国已禁止美国某养猪场的猪上市，怀疑饲料含三聚氰胺时候。我们中国人可能已经吃了几年用人为添加三聚氰胺的饲料养大的猪肉、鸡鸭和鱼！？
呜呼，无言了。
原文作者还以一位外国记者的眼光披露了中国不少食品丑闻,读来令人既忧
心忡忡,又汗颜.
难道中国出口食品就甘心在人家心目中永远是"便宜没好货"的形象吗?
原文:
April 30, 2007
Filler（填充剂） in Animal Feed Is Open Secret in China
By DAVID BARBOZA and ALEXEI BARRIONUEVO
ZHANGQIU, China, April 28 — As American food safety regulators head to China to investigate how a chemical made from coal found its way into pet food that killed dogs and cats in the United States, workers in this heavily polluted northern city openly admit that the substance is routinely （常规）added to animal feed（饲料） as a fake（冒充） protein.
For years, producers of animal feed all over China have secretly supplemented their feed with the substance, called melamine, a cheap additive that looks like protein in tests, even though it does not provide any nutritional benefits, according to melamine scrap traders and agricultural workers here.
“Many companies buy melamine scrap to make animal feed, such as fish feed,” said Ji Denghui, general manager of the Fujian Sanming Dinghui Chemical Company, which sells melamine. “I don’t know if there’s a regulation on it. Probably not. No law or regulation（规章） says ‘don’t do it,’ so everyone’s doing it. The laws in China are like that, aren’t they? If there’s no accident, there won’t be any regulation.”
Melamine is at the center of a recall of 60 million packages of pet food, after the chemical was found in wheat gluten（麦麸） linked this month to the deaths of at least 16 pets in the United States.
No one knows exactly how melamine (which is not believed to be particularly toxic) became so fatal in pet food, but its presence in any form of American food is illegal.
The link to China has set off concerns among critics of the Food and Drug Administration that ingredients in pet food as well as human food, which are increasingly coming from abroad, are not being adequately screened.
“They have fewer people inspecting product at the ports than ever before,” says Caroline Smith DeWaal, the director of food safety for the Center for Science in the Public Interest in Washington. “Until China gets programs in place to verify the safety of their products, they need to be inspected by U.S. inspectors. This open-door policy on food ingredients is an open invitation for an attack on the food supply, either intentional or unintentional.”
Now, with evidence mounting（确定） that the tainted wheat gluten came from China, American regulators have been granted permission to visit the region to conduct inspections of food treatment facilities.
The Food and Drug Administration has already banned imports of wheat gluten from China after it received more than 14,000 reports of pets believed to have been sickened by packaged food. And last week, the agency opened a criminal investigation in the case and searched the offices of at least one pet food supplier.
The Department of Agriculture has also stepped in. On Thursday, the agency ordered more than 6,000 hogs to be quarantined or slaughtered after some of the pet food ingredients laced with melamine were accidentally sent to hog（猪） farms in eight states, including California.
Scientists are now trying to determine whether melamine could be harmful to humans.
The pet food case is also putting China’s agricultural exports under greater scrutiny9（彻查） because the country has had a terrible food safety record.
In recent years, for instance, China’s food safety scandals（丑闻） have involved everything from fake baby milk formulas and soy sauce made from human hair to instances where cuttlefish were soaked in calligraphy ink to improve their color and eels（鳗鱼） were fed contraceptive（避孕的） pills to make them grow long and slim.
For its part, Chinese officials dispute （争论）any suggestion that melamine from the country could have killed pets. But regulators here on Friday banned the use of melamine in vegetable proteins made for export or for use in domestic （国内的）food supplies.
Yet what is clear from visiting this region of northeast China is that for years melamine has been quietly mixed into Chinese animal feed and then sold to unsuspecting farmers as protein-rich pig, poultry（家禽） and fish feed.
Many animal feed operators here advertise on the Internet, seeking to purchase melamine scrap. The Xuzhou Anying Biologic Technology Development Company, one of the companies that American regulators named as having shipped melamine-tainted wheat gluten to the United States, had posted such a notice on the Internet last March.
Here at the Shandong Mingshui Great Chemical Group factory, huge boiler vats are turning coal into melamine, which is then used to create plastics and fertilizer.
But the leftover（废料的） melamine scrap, golf ball-size chunks（块） of white rock, is sometimes being sold to local agricultural entrepreneurs（企业家）, who say they mix a powdered form of the scrap into animal feed to deceive those who raise animals into thinking they are buying feed that is high in protein.
“It just saves money if you add melamine scrap,” said the manager of an animal feed factory here.
Last Friday here in Zhangqiu, a fast-growing industrial city southeast of Beijing, two animal feed producers explained in great detail how they purchase low-grade wheat, corn, soybean or other proteins and then mix in small portions of nitrogen-rich melamine scrap, whose chemical properties help the feed register an inflated protein level.
Melamine is the new scam of choice, they say, because urea （尿素）— another nitrogen-rich chemical — is illegal for use in pig and poultry feed and can be easily detected in China as well as in the United States.
“People use melamine scrap to boost nitrogen levels for the tests,” said the manager of the animal feed factory. “If you add it in small quantities, it won’t hurt the animals.”
The manager, who works at a small animal feed operation here that consists of a handful of storage and mixing areas, said he has mixed melamine scrap into animal feed for years.
He said he was not currently using melamine. But he then pulled out a plastic bag containing what he said was melamine powder and said he could dye（染色） it any color to match the right feed stock（原料）.
He said that melamine used in pet food would probably not be harmful. “Pets are not like pigs or chickens,” he said casually（无意地）, explaining that they can afford to eat less protein. “They don’t need to grow fast.”
The resulting melamine-tainted feed would be weak in protein, he acknowledged, which means the feed is less nutritious.
But, by using the melamine additive, the feed seller makes a heftier（异常大的） profit because melamine scrap is much cheaper than soy, wheat or corn protein.
“It’s true you can make a lot more profit by putting melamine in,” said another animal feed seller here in Zhangqiu. “Melamine will cost you about $1.20 for each protein count per ton whereas real protein costs you about $6, so you can see the difference.”
Feed producers who use melamine here say the tainted feed is often shipped to feed mills in the Yangtze River Delta, near Shanghai, or down to Guangdong
Province, near Hong Kong. They also said they knew that some melamine-laced feed had been exported to other parts of Asia, including South Korea, North Korea, Indonesia and Thailand.
Evidence is mounting that Chinese protein exports have been tainted with melamine and that its use in agricultural regions like this one is widespread. But the government has issued no recall of any food or feed product here in China.
Indeed, few people outside the agriculture business know about the use of melamine scrap. The Chinese news media — which is strictly censored — has not reported much about the country’s ties to the pet food recall in the United States. And few in agriculture here do not see any harm in using melamine in small doses; they simply see it as cheating a little on protein, not harming animals or pets.
As for the sale of melamine scrap, it is increasingly popular as a fake ingredient in feed, traders and workers here say.
At the Hebei Haixing Insect Net Factory in nearby Hebei
Province, which makes animal feed, a manager named Guo Qingyin said: “In the past melamine scrap was free, but the price has been going up in the past few years. Consumption of melamine scrap is probably bigger than that of urea in the animal feed industry now.”
And so melamine producers like the ones here in Zhangqiu are busy.
A man named Jing, who works in the sales department at the Shandong Mingshui Great Chemical Group factory here, said on Friday that prices have been rising, but he said that he had no idea how the company’s melamine scrap is used.
“We have an auction（拍卖） for melamine scrap every three months,” he said. “I haven’t heard of it being added to animal feed. It’s not for animal feed.”
David Barboza reported from Zhangqiu and Alexei Barrionuevo reported from Chicago. Rujun Shen also contributed reporting from Zhangqiu.
《今日美国》
中国承认出口食品添加成份中含化学物质三聚氰胺
(China admits tainted food link)
中国监管当局首次承认，出口用于制造宠物食品添加成份中含有违禁化学物质，加速了当局对涉及全美史上最大一起宠物食品下架案的两家中国企业进行调查。
在保证对事件调查时与美方进行合作的同时，中国ZF在周四的声明中，对用于制造塑料的三聚氰胺(melamine)使宠物受到严重伤害表示异议。
中国外交部在声明中表示，目前尚无清晰证据表明三聚氰胺是造成宠物死亡的直接原因。中方愿与美方加强合作……找出导致宠物死亡真正原因，以保护两国宠物的健康。
问：据报道，美国食品和药品监督管理局官员将来华调查中国出口的食品原料导致美国宠物死亡事件，请证实。他们将会见谁？第二，朝鲜和缅甸宣布恢复外交关系，中方对此有何评论？
答：根据我向有关部门了解的情况，美方日前表示，他们在宠物食品中发现了一种叫做三聚氰胺的物质。美国食品和药品监督管理局希望派官员来华了解情况，交流调查情况并磋商检测技术，中方将予以积极配合。中国国家质检总局已于4月23日向美国食品和药品监督管理局官员发出邀请函。
质检总局高度关注在美国和南非发生的宠物食品受到三聚氰胺污染事件，日前发出紧急通知，要求各级检验检疫机构加强对植物源性蛋白类产品出口检验监管工作。主要措施是：
一、加大对所有列入法检目录的出口植物源性蛋白类产品的监管力度，重点进行三聚氰胺项目检测，凡发现三聚氰胺的，一律不得出口，也不得在国内销售。
二、进一步加强出口查验工作，向有关出口企业做好宣传，防止出口产品的逃漏检行为发生。要求企业讲诚信，认真履行外贸合同。各级检验检疫机构受理类似产品报检时，要求企业注明产品用途，对于用于动物饲料或人类食品原料的，应严格按进口国家或地区的要求进行检验检疫，发现违规添加化工原料及其他禁用物质的，一律不得出口或转为内销。
三、对出口植物源性蛋白类产品生产企业实施注册登记制度，切实加强对投入品和生产过程的监督管理，确保植物蛋白类产品安全。
四、加大与海关的协作配合，防止出口企业将用于人类食品和动物饲料生产的植物源性蛋白以非法检商品税则号报关出口，严厉打击逃漏行为，保护动物和人类食品供应安全。 |
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